Brooder.



J, F. MACKAY.

BROODER.

APPLICAHON nun MAR- 31, 1914.

Patenfed 4311.4, 1916.

l l l l Joint r. MACKAY, or BORDENTOWN, NEW JERSEY.

BROODER.

eejtvs.

1 and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brooders,-of whichthe followingjis a specification, reference ,being, had therein to the accompanying drawing. a

Myinvention refers to certain novel and useful improvements in brooders for chickens and other winged creatures,-particularly chicks hatched artificially in incubators,

One' object of the invention isto provide a simple -and'- efii'cient brooder of the colony type which can beemployed'to hover a large 'the heat and keeping numberof little chicks in aroom or colony house and .will effectually protect the chicks frornthe injuriouseifects of cold, drafts, etc.

Another object is to devise successful simplified'means for automatically regulating the'temperature even and proper'r With this and other objects in view, the invention may be said to consist essentially bination. of all the various parts substantially as described and thenmore fully pointed out inthea ppended claims.-

In the accompanying drawlng illustrating a. preferred embodiment of the invention,-

. Figure lis a top plan view of my improved brooder. Fig. 2 is a'partialside elevation. Fig. Sis a vertical section on the line 3, 3 of Fig. 1.

' Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the different figures of the drawing.

1. denotes the firebox or combustion chamber of a stove or furnace device or construction, 2 the rate; 3 the ash pit having a door 4. The rebox 1 is provided at its upper end with a chamber 5 having a central bottom draft opening 6, which is adapted to provide a flanged seat 7 for a horizontal valve or damper 8 which can be lifted vertically off its seat'to permit a direct draft.

Fuel is introduced into the firebox 1 through the lateral inclined fuelchute 48 having a hinged cover 49. This fuel chute projects through the flaring hood 38 and enables coal and other fuel to be introduced into the in- Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed March 31, 1914. Serial No. 828,518.

Patented Jan. 4, 1916.

terior of the firebox without disturbing 01' removing the hood, and without displacing the position of any of the draft dampers or other parts. The top of the chamber 5 consists of a horizontal plate 9 having a central opening 10 adapted to be closed by a lid 11 which is seated directly above and in line with the draft opening 6 of the chamber and the vertically movable valve or damper 8. The top plate 9 is further provided with an opening 12 at one side of the opening 10; and a valve or dalnpcr 13 is hinged at 14 on the top plate 9 adjacent to the opening 12 so .that said damper 1.3 may cover or uncover the opening 12 and in so doing permit a communication to take place between the chamber and the atmosphere or cut off such with a weight 17, the purpose of the latter being to assist in closing the damper when the means for opening the same ceases to act. The ash pit 3 is also provided with a damper 18, the same consisting of a pair of interpivoted slotted disks; the inner one 19 and the outer one 20 being pivoted together with a central bolt 21, so that one of the disks, as the outer one, may be movable, while the other, as the inner one, is stationary. The slots or apertures 22 in the disk 20 coincide with the slots or apertures 23 in the disk 19 when said outer disk 20 is rotated on its pivot 21 far enough to permit an uncovering of the apertures. Thus the two disks together constitute a circular damper which can be opened to allow the draft to pass through the ash pit up into the firebox, or can be closed to shut off such draft.

24 denotes a thermostat which is supported on a bracket 25 extending from the body of the stove. The expansion of the thermostat actuates a hinged lever 26 located below it, one end of the lever being pivoted to the bracket 25, while the other is connected to the upper end of a short link 27 which is pivoted at 28 to the outer disk 20 of the also is :pivoted to the lower end of a vertical rod 29 which in turn is pivotedat its upper damperql8 at a point notgfar from the con tral pivot 21 of said damper.- The lever 26 end to a lever 30 whose fulcrumj is at 31 in the .wall of the chamber 5. The inner end of the lever 31 inside vof the chamber 5 is pivoted to 'alever 32 which has a fulcrum at 33011 a short standard 34 within the chamher 5, and said lever 32 is pivot'ally attached at 35to the central damper 8,,while the opposite end of said lever 32 is pivotally connected to the, arm 16 of the damper'13, such connection being preferably accomplished by slottingthe end of the arm 16 at 36 and causing this slotted end to engage a pin 37 projecting laterally from the lever 32. It

H will thus be perceived that a downward movement on the 'arm' 27, which moves the disk 20, will simultaneously" cause a downward movement of the rod, 29', and such downward movement-will through the levers and 32 causes downwardmovement of thearm 1 6 ofdamper 13, andan opening Obviously when the draft is on," the damper 18 will be open, as shown in Fig. 2. When of said damper, while at the same time it causes a placing of the valve 8 on its seat 7.

the heat rises to such a degree as to make it desirable to stop its further rise and the thermostat24= in consequence of the increase of heat expands and moves the. lever 26 downwardly, it is obvious that the arm 27 will. act on the, disk20 of the damper 18 and close the damper, while at thesame time the lever 30 will be shifted on its pivot 31 and the draft out off at opening 6 by the closing of the damper 8,. and also simulther carry on the 'cooling process .ously when the cool ng has progressed far taneously with these operations the check damper 13 will open and allow the introduction of atmospheric air so as to still fur- Obvienough, the thermostat will be contracted and the draft dampers again opened and the check damper closed, so that with this construction it is possible to keep the tempera .ture even and substantially constant at apredetermined degree.

I find it of great advantage to admit, when .thesto'veisheating'upand after it becomes hot while the drafts are on, a quantityof ,coldatmospheric air from without which can be heated by contact-with the wall of the firebox and distributed around said 'box and underneath the flaringhood 38, which for convenience is suspended irom the top of v theide vice bybeing' attached to the top plate i 9, and which lltlSdllS largestdiameter at the bottom spreading out as it does bcyond'the' firebox and scrving'as a rover or hover del vice within which the chicks may keep them selves warm ahd comfortable at al'lvtimcs, 1t being understood that thcyrun to and fro between the interior of the colony house and fp'ractice.

the warm hover. I Around the firebox 1 and within the hood 38 is a drum 39 supported on the firebox-1 by being cast integral therewith or securely fastened thereto,'said circular drum being made with two interior chambers, a lower one40 and an upper one 41, which chambers communicate with each other through one or more passages 42, while the top chamber 41 is provided with erforations'43 through which the heated air can escape into the space below the hood 38; An air inlet pipe 44 serves to convey air to the interior of the drum 39 and enters the bottom of the chamber 40, as shownin Fi 3, whereit is provided'with a closure or amper 45 having a hook 46 engaged by an oifset 47 on the rod 29, so that as 'saidrod 29 v moves up and down it will carry with it the closure or damper 45 and thus-cover or unas" i which it will flow out through the openings a the stove. f hen the draft dam ers of'the stove are open" and the stove is eating up.

' 43 into the s ace under the hood and around 5 andgetting hot and while it remains m'a thoroughly heated conditionbut has not yet reache tirely closed, the valve 45 will be open and the point where the dampers v cold air willbe fiowinginto the drum5 but when the temperature has beenv reached where the expansion of the thermostat causes a closing of the draft dampers, it will be evident that the downward movement of the.- lever 26 which acts upon the dam er rod 271 Wlll pull down u on the rod 29 an the valve 45 will close at t e same time that the dam pers 18 and 8 are closed.

' It is found-convenientto employ a there mometer 50 by means of which the tempering ture withinathe'hood can be ascertained at alltimes, A great number of changes in the precise details may be made within wide" phmits without seriously departing from the umainlines of the invention, and I, therefore, reserve [the liberty of making all such changes-as may be found to be desirable in Having thus described my invention, What I claimas new and desire to secure by Let:

ters Patent, is:

1. In abrooder, the combination with a fire-box, of a downwardly flaring hood surrounding the same to form a brooder chamber ,acircular drum surrounding the fire boiinside of the hood and havingopenings columnnicating with the interior of the hood, means for introducing cold air into the interior or" the drum, a valve therefor, a

let

vertically movable damper at the top of the fire box, and a thermostatic device under the hood for operating the cold air valve and the fire box damper. I

5 2. In a brooder, the combination with a fire box, of a downwardly-flaring hood surrounding the same to form a brooder cham her, a drum surrounding the fire box inside of 'the'hood and having communicating compartm'ents, one of which is apertured to deliver heated air into the interior of the hood,

' a damper device for the fire box, an ash pit below the fire box, a damper device therefor, 'and a thermostatic device under the hood for operating the dampers automatically.

In a brooder, the combination with a combustion chamber, of a downwardly flaring hood supported thereon and surrounding the same to form a brooder chamber, a drum surrounding the combustion chamber within the hood and dividedinto inter-communicatiging compartments, the upper of said compartments being perforated to allow the exit of the air to the interior of the hood, an ash pit, below the combustion chamber, a damper therefor, a cold air inlet for introducing outside air into the lower of the compartments of the drum, a valve for said inlet, and a thermostat which automatically operates the damper and valve.

4 In a brooder, the combination with a r stove device,'of a downwardly-flaring hood 7 supported thereon, a drum surrounding the stove devlce'within the hood and having .35 openings for the outlet of hot air into the interior of the hood, means for delivering fresh air into the said drum, a damper for said means, a top draft damper above the stove device, and a lower draft damper near 40 the bottom, a check damper at the upper part of the stove device, a thermostat, and leverage means whereby the latter operates all four dampers.

5. In a brooder, the combination with a fire box, of a downwardly-flaring hood supported thereon and surrounding it so as to form a brooder chamber, a vertically movable damper' operating in connection with an opening at the top of the fire box, lever devices for actuating said damper, an ash pit'beneath the fire box, a circular damper therefor, a hot air drum surrounding the fire box and havmg perforations for allowing air to pass into the interior of the brooder chamber, a pipe for conveying cold air into said drum, a' valve forsaid pipe consisting of a plate covering the end of the same, a thermostat together with connections between-it and the ash pit damper, the cold air '60 valve and the lever devices for actuating the damper at the top of the fire box.

6. In a brooder, the combination of a stove, a downwardly-flaring hood therefor, a circular'drum supported thereon and con- 5 sisting of two communicating compartments,

cular damper together with connections be- I surrounding it to format top chamber, a top plate covering-said top chamber, a flat damone of which delivers hot air through perforations into the interior f the hoodg-an inlet pipe for fresh air entering the lower compartment of the drum, a top draft damper on the stove, a lower draft damper con- 70, sisting of interpivoted circular disks, a ther-f' mostat, and means whereby the expansion and contraction of the thermostat actuates the draft dampers and controls the supply of fresh atmospheric air.

7. In a brooder, the combination with a firebox, an ash pit, a downwardly-flaring hood supported on the firebox, of a heating drum surrounding the firebox, a vertical movable damper at the top of the firebox operating in connection with the central opening, a damper in the ash pit consisting of inter-pivoted circular disks, a valve controlling the 'supply of outside air to the drum, a thermostat device, a lever o'perated thereby, means whereby said lever controls-the ash pit damper, means including a series of levers whereby the aforesaid thermostat lever controls the movement of the top damper, said latter means being connected to and operating the. fresh air damper, all substantially as described.

- 8. In a brooder, the combination'of a fire box, having a central upper opening and inclined walls at the side of said opening, a top plate supported on said inclined walls, a vertically movable damper arranged in connection withthe fire box opening, a check damper pivoted adjacent to an opening in the top plate, lever devices for operating said dampers jointly, a downwardly-fiarmg hood supported by the top plate and surrounding the fire box to farm a brooder chamber, a drum surrounding the fire box within the brooder I chamber and having openings to allow air to pass therefrom into the brooder chamber, an ash pit beneath the fire box, a circular damper therefor, and a thermostat device for operating said cirtween said thermostat and the lever devices for operating the top dampers.

9. In a brooder, the combination ofa fire box having a top opening and flaring walls per operable vertically with reference to the fire box opening, a check damper pivoted on the top plate, -lever. devices for actuating said top dampers, a hood supported on the top plate and surrounding the fire box to form a brooder chamber, a bottom circular damper, a lateral chute on the fire box projecting through the hood for introducing fuel into the interior of the fire box, and a thermostatic device;

10. In a brooder, the combination of a fire box, an ash pit and grate beneath it, a vertically movable top damper for the fire box, a circular damper for the ash pit, a. 130

hbocl: su ri'ound ihg the fi re' bdx and sup en abling the heat to automatically control l)mrted frbm lthe thereof to form a the 0pen1ng and closing of the dampers. 10

, rooder .ch'amber, a. m supported by the In testimony whereof I affix my signature fire/box within the brooder-fch'amber with in the presence of two Witnesses. -'5 which ilzigcothmuhicfltes; saididrum having l h JOHN F. 'LIAOICAY;

l intenqommuni'cating compartments," a cold Witnessesi Y flpeentering one of theecompartinents, FRANK H. VIGK, Jn, flilewhaving a dgmper; and means for h ESTELLE M. BRYMAN, 

